Simplification and Unification of Fundamental Particles

All Submissions | J. Saba Submissions | Physics Site Links | Home Page

GSJ:Updated Apr. 30, 2002: http://wbabin.net/saba/saba4.htm

Simplification and Unification of Fundamental Particles

James Saba

This is an update of the new quark theory first published on this site about a year ago.

If you have not seen this theory before, I warn you it is revolutionary, and you will probably be tempted to immediately discard it. However I'm confident that with a little patience you will see its power to simplify and unify.

Three essentials of the new theory are:

1) There are only two quarks, similar to the currently accepted up and down quarks. The others are composites. For example, the s quark often can be represented by the quark composition of the proton or neutron (or their antiparticle).

2) The d quark contains a positron or electron, along with other color charged particles, and when isolated (if possible) has integral ± 1 charge. Combining quarks probably results in asymmetric distribution of subquark particles, and apparent fractional quark charges.

3) Rearrangements resulting in distinct particle structrual isomers can occur. Likely some prior research of mine helped recognition of this (see Carbocationic rearrangements originating from the 2-tert-butyl-2-adamantyl system. Saba, JA & Fry, JL J. Am. Chem. Soc.; 1983; 105(3); 533-537. or Search at: http://pubs.acs.org/journals/query/subscriberSearch.jsp

The following refined and expanded particle list is supported by its ability to clearly explain about 200 particle reactions (see appendix). Importantly, at the end of this reaction compilation are several reactions predicted by the new theory which may not be so easily explained by the current standard quark model. Finding these and others like them should help in establishing the new theory.

Pi+ = du
Pi- = d*u* (* indicates antiparticle)
Pi0 = Pi0* = uu*
Pi'0 = Pi'0* = dd*

Kaon0 = Kaon0* = d*u*.du = dd*.uu*
Kaon+ = du.uu*
Kaon- = d*u*.uu*
Kaon'+ = du.dd*
Kaon'- = d*u*.dd*

Rho0 = du.d*u*.uu* = dd*.uu*.uu*
Rho+ = du.d*u*.du = du.dd*.uu*

Omega0 = du.d*u*.dd* = dd*.dd*.uu*

Phi0 = du.d*u*.du.d*u* = du.d*u*.dd*.uu* = dd*.uu*.dd*.uu*

P = duu
P* = d*u*u*
N = dud*
N* = d*u*d

Lambda0 = duu.d*u* = dud*.uu*
Lambda0* = d*u*u*.du = d*u*d.uu*

Sigma0 = dud*.dd*
Sigma0* = d*u*d.dd*
Sigma- = dud*.d*u*
Sigma-* = d*u*d.du (Positively charged)
Sigma+ = dud*.du = duu.dd*
Sigma+* = d*u*d.d*u* = d*u*u*.dd* (Negatively charged)

Delta0 = duu.d*u* = dud*.uu* (Apparently related to Lambda)
Delta+ = dud*.du = duu.dd* (Apparently related to Sigma+)
Delta- = dud*.d*u* (Apparently related to Sigma-)
Delta++ = duu.du

Xi0 = duu.uu*.d*u* = dud*.uu*.uu*
Xi'0 = duu.dd*.d*u* = dud*.d*u*.du = dud*.dd*.uu*
Xi- = duu d*u*.d*u* = dud*.d*u*.uu*
Xi'- = dud*.d*u*.dd*

Omega- = dud*.d*u*uu*.uu* = duu.d*u*.uu*.d*u*
Omega'- = dud*.d*u*.uu*.dd*= dud*.d*u*.du.d*u* = duu.d*u*.dd*.d*u*

Important points to consider:

1) There is a rhythm here, mesons have an even number of quarks, which increase by increments of two; while baryons have odd numbers of quarks, also increasing by increments of two.

2) Kaon0 and its antiparticle are apparently identical, while the two isomers of Kaon0 may help to explain the long and short decay forms.

3) Kaons, and mesons in general, do not appear to have the energy to rearrange to a particle containing a proton or neutron (or their antiparticle). Likewise, heavy baryons appear to contain only one proton or neutron (or their antiparticle) combined with meson(s).

4) Unlike Sigma+ which via rearrangements can decay into a pion and proton or neutron, Sigma- cannot rearrange and only decays into a neutron and negative pion. Interestingly, with Sigma0 conversion to Lambda there appears to be an annihilation of one of its electron-positron pairs.

5) With large particles containing 2 or more pions, such as Rho, Xi- and Omega-, these pions may dynamically recombine forming kaons, or larger mesons. For example, Rho may be considered a Kaon and Pion. Likewise, Omega- may be considered a combination of a kaon with a lambda or sigma; or a pion with a Xi.

6) Charmed particles appear to be composites of a "base" particle and a heavy meson. For example, LAMBDA/C = LAMBDA.Rho or LAMBDA.Phi. In other words, charmed particles are apparently very large mesons and baryons, with numerous structural isomers. A similar situation wherein a base particle is combined with a meson may be responsible for some "resonances".

7) An attractive feature of this model is that the intra and inter quark forces may be very similar to electrostatic forces. For example in the d quark, in addition to the position (or electron), there is predicted to be color charged particle(s), that not only interact with each other but also with the position and electron. The relative strength of a least one of these color charges must be exceptionally strong for the positron and electron to be maintained in such a small orbit. This is consistent with the strong force being mediated by color charged particles. Speculating further, perhaps electroweak interactions can somehow be linked with the interactions of the color charged particles and the positron or electron.

8) Though inconclusive, I've found no support for the prior consideration that the isolated d quark is the muon. Regardless, the muon still is considered to be composed of an electron or positron and color charged particles.

9) Based on these color charged particles, the new theory abandons the awkward assumptions that intra quark forces increase as distance between them increases, and that quarks have color.

10) Recalling the sequential decay of a charged pion to and electron or positron, perhaps the accompanying neutrinos are massless colored photons arising from sequential annihilation of color charged particles? If so, the color charged particles and the electron and positron may well be the ultimate charged particles.

11) As a wild guess, perhaps dark matter is really very colorful, composed of only color charged particles and radiating neutrinos.

Below is the compilation of essentially all of the complete particle reactions which I've gleaned from the HEPDATA database. These are "core" reactions, which can be accompanied by further quark pair production to give neutral mesons or charged particle pairs if the energy is sufficient.

The data is arranged in three columns. The first is the reaction, the second is the products defined with quarks, and the third is the necessary quark pair formation or loss to complete the reactions.

Your comments have been and are valuable and are most welcome.

James Saba

Toledo, OH

REACTIONS

Reactions involving neutral pions or charged kaons can often accomadate either of the two variations of each (PI0 = uu* or PI'0 = dd*; and e.g. K+ = du.uu* or K'+ = du.dd*). For clarity the prior of each pair are used unless the latter are specifically required.

When viewing the following table it is important that the font size be such text on each line fits the column. Otherwise the correlation from one column to the next will be disrupted.

BEAM E-

E- P --> DELTA+ E-

E- P --> N PI+ E-

E- P --> DELTA++ PI- E-

E- P --> 2P P* E-

E- P --> LAMBDA K+ E-

E- P --> SIGMA0 K+ E-

E- N --> P PI- E-

E- N --> SIGMA- K+ E-

E- DEUT --> P N E-

E- DEUT --> P P(SPECT) PI- E-

E- DEUT --> SIGMA- K+ P E-

E- DEUT --> SIGMA0 K+ N E-

dud*.du/E-

dud*/du /E-

duu.du/d*u*/E-

duu/duu/d*u*u*/E-

dud*.uu* /du.uu*/E-

dud*.dd*/du.uu*/E-

duu/d*u* /E-

dud*.d*u*/du.uu*/E-

duu/dud*/E-

duu/duu /d*u*/E-

dud*.d*u*/du.uu*/duu/E-

dud*.dd*/du .uu*/dud*/E-

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*

uu*

dd*uu*uu*

uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*

BEAM Pion

PI+ P --> DELTA+ PI+

PI+ P --> N PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> P RHO+

PI+ P --> DELTA0 PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> SIGMA+ K+

PI+ P --> P K+ K s

PI+ P --> LAMBDA K+ PI+

PI+ P --> DELTA+ RHO+

PI+ P --> SIGMA0 K+ PI+

PI+ P --> SIGMA+ K0 PI+

PI+ P --> SIGMA- K+ PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> N K+ K*0 PI+

PI+ P --> LAMBDA K0 PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> SIGMA0 K0 PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> LAMBDA RHO+ K+

PI+ P --> SIGMA- K0 PI+ PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> N K0 K*0 PI+ PI+

PI+ N --> P PI0-

PI+ N --> P PI+ PI-

PI+ N --> DELTA0 PI+

PI+ N --> DELTA+ PI0

PI+ N --> RHO0 P

PI+ N --> LAMBDA K+

PI+ N --> P PI+ PI- PI0

PI+ N --> SIGMA0 K+

PI+ N --> SIGMA+ K0

PI+ N --> N 2PI+ PI-

PI+ N --> OMEGA P

PI+ N --> K+ K- P

PI+ N --> PHI P

PI+ N --> RHO0 DELTA+

PI+ N --> RHO+ DELTA0

PI+ DEUT --> P P

PI+ DEUT --> N N PI+ PI+

PI+ HE --> P P P N

PI+ HE3 --> P P P

PI- P --> N PI0

PI- P --> N PI- PI+

PI- P --> DELTA+ PI-

PI- P --> DELTA- PI+

PI- P --> DELTA++ PI- PI-

PI- P --> RHO- P

PI- P --> RHO0 N

PI- P --> LAMBDA K0

PI- P --> DEUT P*

PI- P --> SIGMA- K+

PI- P --> SIGMA0 K0

PI- P --> KS K- P

PI- P --> KS KS N

PI- P --> RHO- DELTA++ PI-

PI- P --> PHI PHI N

PI- N --> P PI- PI-

PI- N --> DELTA0 PI-

PI- N --> DELTA- PI+ PI-

PI- N --> RHO- DELTA0

PI- N --> RHO0 DELTA-

PI- N --> RHO0 N PI-

PI- DEUT --> PI- PI- P P

PI- DEUT --> N P PI-

PI- DEUT --> N N

PI- DEUT --> TRITIUM P*

PI- HE3 --> P N N

PI0 DEUT --> N P GAMMA

dud*.du/du

dud* /du/du

duu/du.d*u*.du

dud*.uu*/du/du

dud* .du du.u*u

duu/du.uu*/dd*uu*

dud*.uu*/du .uu*/du

dud*.du/du.d*u*.du

dud*dd*/du.uu*/du

dud*.du/dd*uu*/du

dud*.d*u* /du.uu*/du/du

dud*/du.uu*/dd*uu*/du

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*/du /du

dud*.dd* /dd*uu*/du/du

dud*.uu*/du.d*u* .du/du.uu*

dud*.d*u* /dd*uu*/du/du/du

dud* /dd*uu*/dd*uu*/du/du

duu/dd*

duu/du/d*u*

dud* .uu*/du

dud*.du/uu*

du.d*u*.uu*/duu

dud* .uu*/du.uu*

duu/du/d*u*/dd*

dud*.dd*/du .uu*

dud*.du/du.d*u*

dud*/du/du/d*u*

du .d*u*.dd*/duu

du.uu*/d*u*.uu*/duu

du.d*u* .du.d*u*/duu

du.d*u*.uu*/dud*.du

du.d*u* .du/dud*.uu*

duu/duu

dud*/dud*/du/du

duu /duu/duu/dud*

duu/duu/duu

dud*/uu*

dud*/d*u* /du

dud*.du/d*u*

dud*.d*u*/du

duu.du/d*u* /d*u*

d*u*.du.d*u*/duu

du.d*u*.uu*/dud*

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*

duu.dud*/d*u*u*

dud*.d*u*/du .uu*

dud*.dd*/dd*.uu*

dd*.uu*/d*u*.uu* /duu

dd*.uu*/du.d*u*/dud*

d*u*.du.d*u*/duu.du /d*u*

2 du.d*u*.du.d*u*/dud*

duu/d*u*/d*u*

dud*.uu*/d*u*

dud*.d*u*/du/d*u*

d*u*.du.d*u* /dud*.uu*

du.d*u*.uu*/dud*.d*u*

du.d*u*.uu* /dud*/d*u*

duu/duu/d*u*/d*u*

dud*/duu/d*u*

dud*/dud*

duu.dud*.dud*/d*u*u*

duu/dud*/dud*

dud*/duu

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*uu*

uu*

uu*uu*

dd*uu*

uu*uu*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

Loss of dd*

dd*

Loss of dd*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*dd*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*uu*uu*

uu*

dd*.uu*

dd*.uu*.uu*

dd*.uu* .uu*

Loss of uu*

uu*

dd*uu*

Loss of uu*

BEAM P

P P --> DELTA+ P

P P --> DELTA++ N

P P --> P N PI+

P P --> DEUT PI+

P P --> SIGMA+ K+ N

P P --> SIGMA+ K0 P

P P --> SIGMA0 K+ P

P P --> LAMBDA K+ P

P P --> LAMBDA LAMBDA 2K+

P N --> P P PI -

P N --> DELTA+ P

P N --> DELTA++ DELTA-

dud*.du/duu

duu.du/dud*

duu/dud*/du

duu/dud* /du

dud*.du/du.uu*/dud*

dud*.du/dd*.uu* /duu

dud*.dd*/du.uu*/duu

dud*.uu*/du.uu* /duu

dud*.uu*/dud*.uu*/du.uu*/du.uu*

duu /duu/d*u*

dud*.du/duu

duu.du/dud*.d*u*

dd*

dd*dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*uu*uu*

uu*

dd*uu*

BEAM P*

P* N --> PI0 PI-

P* N --> PI+ PI- PI-

P* N --> DELTA0 P*

P* N --> P* P PI-

P* N --> DELTA*-- P

P* N --> RHO- PI0

P* N --> OMEGA PI-

P* N --> PHI PI-

P* N --> RHO+ PI- PI-

P* N --> RHO0 PI- PI0

P* N --> RHO- PI+ PI-

P* N --> RHO- RHO0

P* N --> SIGMA*- K*0 N

P* N --> SIGMA*- K*0 P PI-

P* N --> LAMBDA* K*0 N PI-

P* N --> SIGMA*+ K*0 N 2PI-

P* N --> LAMBDA* K*0 P 2PI-

P* DEUT --> P PI-

P* DEUT --> N PI0

P* DEUT --> DELTA0 PI0

P* DEUT --> N PI+ PI-

P* DEUT --> OMEGA N

P* DEUT --> N K+ K-

P* DEUT --> LAMBDA K+ PI-

uu*/d*u*

du/d*u*/d*u*

dud*.uu* /d*u*u*

d*u*u*/duu/d*u*

d*u*u*.d*u*/duu

d*u*.du .d*u*/uu*

du.d*u*.dd*/d*u*

du.d*u*.du.d*u* /d*u*

du.d*u*.du/d*u*/d*u*

du.d*u*.u*u/d*u* /dd*

d*u*.du.d*u*/du/d*u*

d*u*.du.d*u*/du .d*u*.uu*

d*u*d.d*u*/d*u*du/dud*

d*u*d.d*u*/d*u*du /duu/d*u*

d*u*d.uu*/d*u*du/dud*/d*u*

d*u*d.du /d*u*du/dud*/d*u*/d*u*

d*u*d.uu*/d*u*du/duu/d*u* /d*u*

duu/d*u*

dud*/uu*

dud*.uu*/uu*

dud*/du /d*u*

du.d*u*.dd*/dud*

dud*/du.uu*/d*u*.uu*

dud*.uu*/du.uu*/d*u*

Loss of dd*

uu*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*uu*

Loss of dd*uu*

Loss of dd*

Loss of uu*

uu*

BEAM N*

N* P --> PI+ PI0

N* P --> K+ KS

N* P --> OMEGA PI+

N* P --> K+ K- PI+

N* P --> PHI PI+

N* P --> RHO+ PI+ PI-

N* P --> RHO- PI+ PI+

N* P --> RHO0 PI+ PI0

N* P --> RHO0 RHO+

N* N --> P P*

N* N --> PI+ PI- PI0

N* N --> 2PI+ 2PI-

N* N --> N P* PI+

N* N --> P N* PI-

du/dd*

du.uu*/d*d.u*u

du.d*u*.dd*/du

du.uu*/d*u*.uu*/du

du .d*u*.du.d*u*/du

du.d*u*.du/du/d*u*

d*u* .du.d*u*/du/du

du.d*u*.uu*/du/d*d

du .d*u*.uu*/du.d*u*.du

duu/d*u*u*

du/d*u*/dd*

du/d*u*du/d*u*

dud*/d*u*u*/du

duu/d*u*d/d*u*

Loss of uu*

uu*

dd*

uu*uu*

dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

Loss of ee*

uu*

BEAM Kaon

K+ P --> DELTA++ K0

K+ P --> DELTA+ K+

K+ P --> K0 P PI+ PI0

K+ P --> 0MEGA K0 P PI+

K+ N --> K0 P

K+ N --> DELTA0 K+

K+ N --> K0 N PI+

K+ N --> K+ P PI-

K+ N --> DELTA+ K0

K+ N --> DELTA++ K0 PI-

K+ N --> DELTA- K+ PI+

K+ DEUT --> K0 P P

K+ DEUT --> K0 PI+ DEUT

K- P --> LAMBDA PI0

K- P --> DELTA+ K-

K- P --> DELTA0 K*0

K- P --> LAMBDA PI+ PI-

K- P --> K- N PI+

K- P --> K*0 P PI-

K- P --> XI- K+

K- P --> XI0 K0

K- P --> LAMBDA RHO0

K- P --> SIGMA0 RH00

K- P --> SIGMA+ RHO-

K- P --> SIGMA- RHO+

K- P --> LAMBDA 0MEGA

K- P --> XI0 K+ PI-

K- P --> LAMBDA K+ K-

K- P --> LAMBDA K+ PI0 PI-

K- P --> LAMBDA K0 PI+ PI-

K- P --> SIGMA0 K+ K-

K- P --> SIGMA- K+ PI+ PI-

K- P --> SIGMA- K0 PI+ PI0

K- P --> SIGMA+ K+ 2PI-

K- P --> SIGMA+ K0 PI0 PI-

K- P --> XI- K0 PI+

K- P --> LAMBDA PHI

K- P --> SIGMA+ K- K0

K- P --> LAMBDA K0 K*0

K- P --> SIGMA- K*0 K+

K- P --> SIGMA0 K0 K*0

K- P --> SIGMA0 K0 PI+ PI-

K- P --> LAMBDA K0 K- PI+

K- P --> LAMBDA K*0 K+ PI-

K- P --> OMEGA K*0 P PI-

K- P --> SIGMA0 K*0 K+ PI-

K- P --> 0MEGA- K+ K0

K- N --> K- P PI-

K- N --> SIGMA+ 2PI-

K- N --> SIGMA- PI+ PI-

K- N --> K*0 N PI-

K- N --> K*0 P 2PI-

K- N --> XI- K0

K- N --> LAMBDA PI+ 2PI-

K- N --> LAMBDA K- K0

K- N --> XI- K+ PI-

K- N --> XI0 K0 PI-

K- N --> SIGMA0 K- K0

K- N --> SIGMA+ K- K0 PI-

K- N --> SIGMA- K- K0 PI+

K- DEUT --> SIGMA- P

K- DEUT --> LAMBDA N

K- DEUT --> K- 2P PI-

K- DEUT --> K*0 PI- DEUT

K- DEUT --> LAMBDA P* DEUT

duu.du/d*u*.du

dud*.du/du.uu*

du.d*u*/duu/du/u.u*

du.d*u*.dd*/du.d*u*/duu/du

du.d*u* /duu

dud*.uu*/du.uu*

du.d*u*/dud*/du

du .uu*/duu./d*u*

dud*.du/du.d*u*

duu.du /du.d*u*/d*u*

dud*.d*u*/du.uu*/du

duu/duu /du.d*u

du.d*u*/du/duu.dud*

dud*.uu* /u.u*

dud*.du/d*u*.uu*

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*

dud*.uu*/du/d*u*

d*u*.uu*/dud*/du

d*u* .du/duu/d*u*

dud*.uu*.d*u*/du.uu*

dud*.uu* .uu*/du.d*u*

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*.uu*

dud* .dd*/du.d*u*.uu*

dud*.du/d*u*.du.d*u*

dud* .d*u*/du.du.d*u*

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*.dd*

dud*.uu*.uu*/du.uu*/d*u*

dud*.uu*/du.uu* /d*u*.uu*

dud*.uu*/du.uu*/uu*/d*u*

dud* .uu*/du.d*u*/du/d*u*

dud*.dd*/du.uu*/d*u* .uu*

dud*.d*u*/du.uu*/du/d*u*

dud*.d*u* /du.d*u*/du/uu*

dud*.du/du.uu*/d*u* /d*u*

dud*.du/du.d*u*/d*u*/uu*

dud*.uu* .d*u*/du.d*u*/du.

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*.du .d*u*.

dud*.du/d*u*.uu*/du.d*u*

dud*.uu* /du.d*u*.du.d*u*.

dud*.d*u*/du.d*u*/du. uu*

dud*.dd*/du.d*u*/du.d*u*

dud*.dd*/du .d*u*/du/d*u*

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*/d*u*.uu*/du

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*.du.uu*/d*u*

du.d*u*.dd* /du.d*u*/duu/d*u*

dud*.dd*/du.d*u*/du .uu*/d*u*

dud*.d*u*.du.d*u*/du.uu*/d*u*.du

d*u*.uu*/duu/d*u*

dud*.du/d*u*/d*u*

dud* .d*u*/du/d*u*

du.d*u*/dud*/d*u*

du.d*u* /duu/d*u*/d*u*

dud*.uu*.d*u*/du.d*u*

dud* .uu*/du/d*u*/d*u*

dud*.uu*/d*u*.uu*/du .d*u*

dud*.uu*.d*u*/du.uu*/d*u*

dud*.uu* .uu*/du.d*u*/d*u*

dud*.dd*/d*u*.uu*/du .d*u*

dud*.du/d*u*.uu*/du.d*u*/d*u*

dud* .d*u*/d*u*.uu*/du.d*u*/du

dud*.d*u*/duu

dud*.uu*/dud*

d*u*.uu*/duu/duu/d*u*

d*u*du /d*u*/duu.dud*

dud*.uu*/d*u*u*/duu.dud*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*

uu*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*dd*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*

dd*dd*dd*

dd*dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*uu*

uu*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*

Loss of uu*

uu*

dd*

dd*uu*

The following are those Kaon beam reactions may require K'- (d*u*.dd*) rather than K- (d*u*.uu*)

K'- P --> SIGMA0 PI0

K'- P --> K*0 N

K'- P --> LAMBDA PI0

K'- P --> SIGMA+ PI-

K'- P --> SIGMA- PI+

K'- P --> SIGMA0 PI+ PI-

K'- DEUT --> SIGMA- PI+ N

dud*.dd* /uu*

d*u*.du/dud*

dud*.uu*/dd*

dud*.du/d*u*

dud*.d*u*/du

dud*.dd*/du/d*u*

dud*.d*u* /du/dud*

dd*

The following are some hypothetical reactions predicted by the new quark theory which are not so easily explained by the current standard quark model.

E- P --> LAMBDA PI+ E-

E- P --> SIGMA0 PI+ E-

E- P --> XI0 PI+ E-

E- P --> XI0 K+ E-

E- P --> LAMBDA RHO+ E-

E- P --> SIGMA0 RHO+ E-

E- N --> SIGMA- PI+ E-

E- N --> XI- PI+ E-

E- N --> XI0 PI'0 E-

E- N --> XI- K+ E-

E- N --> XI0 K0 E-

E- N --> SIGMA- RHO+ E-

PI+ P --> SIGMA+ PI+

PI+ P --> LAMBDA PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> SIGMA0 PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> SIGMA+ RHO+

PI+ P --> XI0 PI+ PI+

PI+ P --> XI0 K+ PI+

PI+ N --> LAMBDA PI+

PI+ N --> SIGMA+ PI0

PI+ N --> DELTA++ K-

PI+ N --> PI0 PI+

PI+ N --> XI0 K+

PI- P --> SIGMA+ PI-

PI- P --> SIGMA- PI+

PI- P --> SIGMA+ K-

PI- P --> DELTA+ K-

PI- P --> SIGMA+ K-

PI- P --> XI0 PI'0

PI- P --> XI- PI+

PI- P --> XI- K+

PI- P --> XI0 K0

PI- N --> LAMBDA PI-

PI- N --> SIGMA0 PI-

PI- N --> SIGMA- PI0

PI- N --> XI- PI0

PI- N --> XI0 PI-

PI- N --> OMEGA'-

PI- N --> XI0 K-

PI- N --> XI- K0

dud*.uu*/du/E-

dud*.dd* /du/E-

dud*.uu*.uu*/du/E-

dud*.uu* .uu*/du.uu*/E-

dud*.uu*/du.d*u*.du /E-

dud*.dd*/du.d*u*.du/E-

dud*.d*u* /du/E-

dud*.d*u*.uu*/du/E-

dud*.uu* .uu*/dd*/E-

dud*.d*u*.uu*/du.uu*/ E-

dud*.uu*.uu*/du.d*u*/E-

dud*.d*u* /du.d*u*.du/E-

dud*.du/du

dud*.uu*/ du/du

dud*.dd*/du/du

dud*.du/du.d*u* .du

dud*.uu*.uu*/du/du

dud*.uu*.uu* /du.uu*/du

dud*.uu*/du

dud*.du/uu*

duu.du/d*u*.uu*

dud*.uu*.uu*/du

dud*.uu* .uu*/du.uu*

dud*.du/d*u*

dud*.d*u*/du

dud*.du/d*u*.uu*

dud* .du/d*u*.uu*

dud*.uu*.uu*/dd*

dud* .uu*.d*u*/du

dud*.uu*.d*u*/du.uu*

dud* .uu*.uu*/dd*.uu*

dud*.uu*/d*u*

dud*.du /d*u*

dud*.d*u*/du

dud*.uu*.d*u*/uu*

dud*.uu*.uu*/d*u*

dud*.dd*.uu*.d*u*

dud* .uu*.uu*/d*u*.uu*

dud*.uu*.d*u*/dd* .uu*

dd*uu*

dd*dd*

*uu*uu* dd

dd*uu*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*

dd*dd*dd*uu*

dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*uu*uu*uu*

dd*dd*uu*uu*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*dd*

dd*dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

dd*uu*uu*uu*

uu*

uu*uu*

uu*uu*uu*

dd*

dd*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

uu*

dd*

uu*uu*

dd*uu*

uu*uu*uu*

dd*uu*uu*

Also see the following relevant papers:

Alternative to Direct Proton-Proton Fusion in Deuterium Formation. Saba, J Gen Sci J Oct 16, 2002

Implications of Dirac's Monopoles for Color Charged Particles of the New Quark Theory. Saba, J Gen Sci J Aug 8, 2003

A Two Particle System Without Integer Spin. Saba, J Gen Sci J Dec 22, 2004

Contacting a Positron and an Isolated Neutron may result in a Proton and Gamma Ray. Saba, J Gen Sci J April 11, 2006

For a complete list of articles published by James Saba in the Gen Sci J, please go to http://www.wbabin.net/saba.htm